Details of Grant 

EPSRC Reference:	GR/K74913/01
Title:	ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SCALE INSIGHTS INTO MECHANISMS AND KINETICS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL
Principal Investigator:	Nichols, Professor RJ
Other Investigators:
Researcher Co-Investigators:
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Department:	Chemistry
Organisation:	University of Liverpool
Scheme:	Standard Research (Pre-FEC)
Starts:	01 October 1996	Ends:	31 December 1999	Value (£):	144,081
EPSRC Research Topic Classifications:	Surfaces & Interfaces
EPSRC Industrial Sector Classifications:
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Panel History:
Summary on Grant Application Form
This program aims at developing SPM methodology, generally applicable to studying the mechanisms and kinetics of processes at the solid-liquid interface. The application focuses on examining electro-deposition at the atomic and molecular scale. In-situ SPM will be used to address key aspects of electro-crystallisation, including the role of substrate crystallographic orientation, local defect structure, electrochemical parameters, adsorbates, strain and surface reconstruction and facetting during the initial stages of deposition. The growth of the metallic deposit will be followed in real time at the atomic scale and model organic adsorbates imaged with (sub-) molecular resolution. Adsorbate structure will be examined as a function of surface orientation, also during the deposition, to evaluate the mechanism by which adsorbate induced growth anistropy occurs. SPM methods will be developed, to monitor minute deformation of well defined substrates during deposition, to assess strain. Promising initial results and theoretical considerations show that STM noise contains contributions from mobile adsorbates. Current fluctuations will be monitored for model systems to investigate methods for quantitatively assessing surface diffusion. This will then be extended to metal deposition of meta ad-atoms, clusters and nuclei is a determining parameter.
Key Findings
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Organisation Website:	http://www.liv.ac.uk