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Details of Grant 

EPSRC Reference: EP/S019618/1
Title: Design-for-manufacture of 3D concrete printed structural composites (DfM:3DCP)
Principal Investigator: Buswell, Professor RA
Other Investigators:
Cavalaro, Professor SHP Austin, Professor S
Researcher Co-Investigators:
Project Partners:
ABB Group Autodesk BRE Housing
British Standards Institution BSI Cundall Global Elkem
Enabling Process Technologies (EPT) Foster and Partners IFSTTAR
Skanska UK Plc The Manufacturing Technology Centre Ltd
Department: Architecture, Building and Civil Eng
Organisation: Loughborough University
Scheme: Standard Research
Starts: 01 October 2019 Ends: 30 September 2023 Value (£): 879,327
EPSRC Research Topic Classifications:
Civil Engineering Materials Construction Ops & Management
Structural Engineering
EPSRC Industrial Sector Classifications:
Construction
Related Grants:
EP/S019650/1 EP/S019731/1
Panel History:
Panel DatePanel NameOutcome
06 Feb 2019 Engineering Prioritisation Panel Meeting 6 and 7 February 2019 Announced
Summary on Grant Application Form
The development and modernisation of UK infrastructure requires the ubiquitous use of concrete, but conventional casting methods are inefficient, inflexible and dangerous. The UK Industrial Strategy White Paper identifies that the UK has insufficient skilled labour to undertake the next 10 to 20 years of essential infrastructure development, to deliver the £600Bn National Infrastructure and Construction Pipeline. Hence, the development of world-leadership in automation of key parts of the construction supply chain is critical.

3DCP removes the need for conventional moulds or formwork, by precisely placing and solidifying specific volumes of cementitious material in sequential layers under a computer controlled positioning process. This represents a radical 'mould-breaking' change, that challenges the implicit mind-sets of architects and engineers, where for millennia casting has required moulds, which in turn constrain the form, geometry and variety of building components and systems. 3DCP technology implicitly binds design and manufacture in contrast to current practice where designers and constructors are separated organisationally, institutionally and professionally. 3DCP is creating worldwide interest from the construction sector and lends itself to using readily available robotic arms as positioning tools for clever material deposition devices, which enable the manufacture of components to be digitally driven.

However the required pull into commercialisation requires architects and engineers to engage their clients with designs suitable for the manufacturing process. However the underlying science as it relates to concrete composite materials simply does not exist. This project will be the first in the world to systematically investigate the interrelationships between rheology, process control, design geometry and reinforcement design in relation to there impact on the hardened properties of the final material. The project goes further and makes the first steps towards encoding the rules learnt into a software environment that will seed the development of new design software in the future.
Key Findings
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Organisation Website: http://www.lboro.ac.uk